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J/ApJ/437/361 Einstein survey of the Orion nebula region (Gagne+ 1994)
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The complete Einstein Observatory X-ray survey of the Orion nebula region.
Gagne M., Caillault J.-P.
<Astrophys. J. 437, 361 (1994)>
=1994ApJ...437..361G (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
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ADC_Keywords: X-ray sources ; Nebulae
Mission_Name: Einstein
Keywords: stars; pre-main sequence - X-rays: stars
Description:
We have analyzed archival Einstein Observatory images of a roughly 4.5
square degree region centered on the Orion Nebula. In all, 245 distinct
X-ray sources have been detected in six High Resolution Imager (HRI)
and 17 Imaging Proportional Counter (IPC) observations. An optical
database of over 2700 stars has been assembled to search for candidate
counterparts to the X-ray sources. Roughly half the X-ray sources are
identified with a single Orion Nebula cluster member. The 10
main-sequence O6-B5 cluster stars detected in Orion have X-ray
activity levels comparable to field O and B stars. X-ray emission has
also been detected in the direction of four main-sequence late-B and
early-A type stars. Since the mechanisms producing X-rays in late-type
coronae and early-type winds cannot operate in the late-B and early-A
type atmospheres, we argue that the observed X-rays, with
L_X_~3x10^30^ergs/s, are probably produced in the coronae of unseen
late-type binary companions. Over 100 X-ray sources have been
associated with late-type pre-main sequence stars.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table2.dat 96 245 Sources detected in the Orion Nebula Region
by Einstein
table3.dat 57 44 Einstein sources with multiple optical counterparts
table6.dat 76 71 Optical and X-ray data for typed cluster members
table7.dat 57 51 Optical and X-ray data for untyped cluster members
table8.dat 58 31 Rotational and X-ray data for late-type cluster
members
notes.dat 104 30 Notes to tables 6 and 7
tables.tex 237 577 LaTeX version of the tables
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See also:
II/171 : Parenago Catalogue of stars in Orion Nebula area (1954)
II/36 : Photometry of Orion OB1 Association (Warren+ 1977)
J/ApJ/445/280 : ROSAT survey of the Orion nebula region (Gagne+ 1995)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 3 I3 --- NoX X-ray number
5- 6 I2 h RAh Right ascension (B1950) of the source
8- 9 I2 min RAm Right ascension (B1950) of the source
11- 14 F4.1 s RAs Right ascension (B1950) of the source
16 A1 --- DE- Declination sign
17 I1 deg DEd Declination (B1950) of the source
19- 20 I2 arcmin DEm Declination (B1950) of the source
22- 23 I2 arcsec DEs Declination (B1950) of the source
25- 31 F7.5 ct/s Rate1 ? IPC count rate
33- 39 F7.5 ct/s e_Rate1 ? rms uncertainty on Rate1
41- 47 F7.5 ct/s Rate2 ? HRI count rate
49- 55 F7.5 ct/s e_Rate2 ? rms uncertainty on Rate2
57- 59 I3 arcsec DRA ? Offset in right ascension
61- 63 I3 arcsec DDE ? Offset in declination
65- 71 A7 --- Name Star name
72 A1 --- n_Name [*] * indicates multiple optical counterpart.
See table3
74- 75 I2 --- Prob ? Membership probability
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 3 I3 --- NoX X-ray number
5- 7 I3 arcsec oRA1 Offset in right ascension for star1
9- 11 I3 arcsec oDE1 Offset in declination for star1
13- 18 A6 --- Star1 Star1 name
20- 21 I2 --- Prob1 ? Membership probability for star1
23- 25 I3 arcsec oRA2 Offset in right ascension for star2
27- 29 I3 arcsec oDE2 Offset in declination for star2
31- 35 A5 --- Star2 Star2 name
37- 38 I2 --- Prob2 ? Membership probability for star2
40- 42 I3 arcsec oRA3 ? Offset in right ascension for star3
44- 46 I3 arcsec oDE3 ? Offset in declination for star3
48- 52 A5 --- Star3 Star3 name
54- 55 I2 --- Prob3 ? Membership probability for star3
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table6.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 3 I3 --- NoX X-ray number
5- 9 A5 --- Par Parenago (1954, Cat.<II/171>) designation
11- 16 A6 --- J+W Jones & Walker (1988) designation
18- 24 A7 --- GCVS GCVS designation
26- 34 A9 --- Sp Spectral type
36- 40 F5.3 [K] logTeff Effective temperature
42- 46 F5.2 mag Bmag ? B magnitude
48- 52 F5.2 mag Vmag ? V magnitude
54- 58 F5.2 mag Icmag ? Ic magnitude
60- 64 F5.2 [10-7W] logLX X-ray luminosity
66- 70 F5.2 --- log(LX/Lbol) ? X-ray luminosity versus bolometric
luminosity ratio
72- 76 A5 --- Note Individual Notes (file notes.dat)
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table7.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 3 I3 --- NoX X-ray number
5- 9 A5 --- Par Parenago (1954, Cat.<II/171>) designation
11- 16 A6 --- J+W Jones & Walker (1988) designation
18- 23 A6 --- GCVS GCVS designation
24- 28 F5.2 mag Bmag ? B magnitude
30- 34 F5.2 mag Vmag ? V magnitude
36- 40 F5.2 mag Icmag ? Ic magnitude
42- 46 F5.2 [10-7W] logLX X-ray luminosity
47 A1 --- n_logLX [b] Note on LX (1)
49- 53 F5.2 --- log(fX/fbol) ? X-ray flux versus bolometric flux ratio
55- 59 A5 --- Note Individual Notes (file notes.dat)
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Note (1): JW 315 may have been flaring during HRI exposure (see table2).
Consequently, we have used IPC count rate to determine LX.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table8.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 3 I3 --- NoX X-ray number
5- 9 A5 --- Par Parenago (1954, Cat.<II/171>) designation
11- 16 A6 --- J+W Jones & Walker (1988AJ.....95.1755J) designation
18- 21 A4 --- GCVS GCVS designation
23- 29 A7 --- Sp Spectral type
31- 35 F5.2 [10-7W] logLX X-ray luminosity
37- 40 F4.2 [mW/m2] logFX X-ray flux
41 A1 --- u_logFX Uncertainty flag on logFX
43 A1 --- l_vsini Limit flag on vsini
44- 46 I3 km/s vsini ? Rotational velocity
48- 52 F5.2 d Prot ? Period of rotation
54- 55 A2 --- Note Individual Notes (1)
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Note (1):
a: Rotational period from Attridge & Herbst 1994
b: Rotational period from Attridge & Herbst 1992ApJ...398L..61A
c: Rotational period from Mandel & Herbest 1991ApJ...383L..75M
d: Rotational period from Walker 1990PASP..102..726W
e: Spectroscopic rotational velocity from Strom 1994ApJ...424..237S
f: Spectroscopic rotational velocity from Duncan 1993ApJ...406..172D
g: Spectroscopic rotational velocity from Walker 1990PASP..102..726W
h: Spectroscopic rotational velocity from Hartmann et al.
1986ApJ...309..275H
i: Spectroscopic rotational velocity from Smith et al. 1983ApJ...271..237S
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: notes.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1 A1 --- Note Note symbol (tables 6 and 7)
3-104 A102 --- Text Text of note (includes the bibcode)
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Courtesy: Marc Gagne <marc@charon.colorado.edu>
History:
* 07-Nov-2000: table2 has position in B1950, not in J2000.
References:
Abt et al. 1991 ApJ 367, 155 =1991ApJ...367..155A
Andrews 1981 "A Photometric atlas of the Orion Nebula"
(Belfast: Armagh Obs. Press)
Attridge & Herbst 1992 ApJ 398, L61 =1992ApJ...398L..61A
Attridge & Herbst 1994, in prep.
Brun 1935 Pub. Obs. Lyon, 1, No 12 =1935POLyo...1...12B
Cohen & Kuhi 1979 ApJS 41, 743 =1979ApJS...41..743C
Duncan 1993 ApJ 406, 172 =1993ApJ...406..172D
Edwards et al. 1993 AJ 106, 372 =1993AJ....106..372E
General Catalogue of Variable Stars =CDS Catalogue: <II/139>
Hartmann et al. 1986 ApJ 309, 275 =1986ApJ...309..275H
Herbig & Terndrup 1986 ApJ 307, 609 =1986ApJ...307..609H
Herbst (1993) private comm.
Jones & Walker 1988 AJ 95, 1755 =1988AJ.....95.1755J
Mandel & Herbst 1991 ApJ 383, L75 =1991ApJ...383L..75M
McNamara & Huels 1983 A&AS 54, 221 =1983A&AS...54..221M
McNamara et al. 1989 AJ 97, 1427 =1989AJ.....97.1427M
Parenago 1954 =CDS Catalogue: <II/171>
Parsamian & Chavira 1982 Bol. Inst. Tonantzintla 3, 69 =1982BITon...3...69P
Rydgren & Vrba 1984 AJ 89, 399 =1984AJ.....89..399R
Smith et al. 1983 ApJ 271, 237 =1983ApJ...271..237S
Smith et al. 1983 ApJ 272, 163 =1983ApJ...272..163S
Strom 1993 private comm.
Strom 1994 ApJ 424, 237 =1994ApJ...424..237S
Strom et al. 1990 ApJ 362, 168 =1990ApJ...362..168S
van Altena et al. 1988 AJ 95, 1744 =1988AJ.....95.1744V
Walker 1969 ApJ 155, 447 =1969ApJ...155..447W
Walker 1983 ApJ 271, 642 =1983ApJ...271..642W
Walker 1990 PASP 102, 726 =1990PASP..102..726W
Warren & Hesser 1977 ApJS 34, 115 =CDS Catalogue: <II/36>
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(End) Patricia Bauer [CDS] 14-Aug-1996