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J/ApJ/554/742 Chandra Deep Survey of the HDF-N (Hornschemeier+, 2001)
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The Chandra Deep Survey of the Hubble Deep Field-North area.
II. Results from the Caltech Faint Field Galaxy Redshift Survey area.
Hornschemeier A.E., Brandt W.N., Garmire G.P., Schneider D.P., Barger A.J.,
Broos P.S., Cowie L.L., Townsley L.K., Bautz M.W., Burrows D.N., Chartas G.,
Feigelson E.D., Griffiths R.E., Lumb D., Nousek J.A., Ramsey L.W.,
Sargent W.L.W.
<Astrophys. J. 554, 742 (2001)>
=2001ApJ...554..742H
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ADC_Keywords: X-ray sources
Keywords: cosmology: observations - diffuse radiation - galaxies: active -
surveys - X-rays: galaxies - X-rays: general
Abstract:
A deep X-ray survey of the Hubble Deep Field-North (HDF-N) and its
environs is performed using data collected by the Advanced CCD Imaging
Spectrometer (ACIS) on board the Chandra X-Ray Observatory. Currently
a 221.9ks exposure is available, the deepest ever presented, and here
we give results on X-ray sources located in the 8.6'x8.7' area covered
by the Caltech Faint Field Galaxy Redshift Survey (the "Caltech
area"). This area has (1) deep photometric coverage in several optical
and near-infrared bands; (2) extensive coverage at radio,
submillimeter, and mid-infrared wavelengths; and (3) some of the
deepest and most complete spectroscopic coverage ever obtained. It is
also where the X-ray data have the greatest sensitivity; the minimum
detectable fluxes in the 0.5-2keV (soft) and 2-8keV (hard) bands are
~1.3x10^-16^ and ~6.5x10^-16^ergs/cm^2^/s, respectively.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table4.dat 127 82 Properties of CHANDRA sources in the Caltech area
table6.dat 99 83 Multiwavelength properties of the Caltech area
CHANDRA sources
table8.dat 62 16 CHANDRA detections of {mu}Jy Radio Sources
table9.dat 61 11 CHANDRA detections of Faint ISOCAM Sources
table10.dat 44 4 CHANDRA detections of very red objects (VROs)
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See also:
J/A+A/375/1 : IR obs. of Chandra Deep Field + HDF-South (Saracco+, 2001)
J/AJ/119/2571 : UBVRI photometry of HDF QSOs and galaxies (Vanden Berk+, 2000)
J/AJ/120/2206 : NTT, HDF-S and HDF-N photometric redshifts (Fontana+, 2000)
J/ApJS/127/1 : UGRK Photometry in the Hubble Deep field region (Hogg+, 2000)
J/ApJ/538/29 : HDF-N Caltech faint galaxy redshift survey. X. (Cohen+, 2000)
J/AJ/121/2895 : HDF-N Caltech faint galaxy redshift survey. XIII. (Cohen 2001)
J/ApJ/533/611 : 1.4GHz survey in HDF region (Richards+, 2000)
J/ApJ/513/34 : HDF photometric redshifts catalog (Fernandez-Soto+, 1999)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 2 I2 --- [HBG2001] CHANDRA source number
4- 18 A15 --- CXOHDFN The CXOHDFN name (1)
20 A1 --- l_FB Limit flag on FB
21- 25 F5.1 ct FB The full (0.5-8 keV) band CTI-corrected
source counts
27 A1 --- f_FB [f] Flag on FB (2)
29- 32 F4.1 ct e_FB ? Error in FB counts
34- 36 F3.1 arcsec DisHB ? Distance between the source detected in
the FB and HB determined by WAVDETECT
38 A1 --- f_DisHB [e] Flag on DisHB (2)
40 A1 --- l_HB Limit flag on HB
41- 46 F6.2 ct HB The hard (2-8 keV) band CTI-corrected
source counts
48 A1 --- f_HB [f] Flag on HB (2)
50- 53 F4.1 ct e_HB ? Error in HB counts
55- 58 F4.2 arcsec DisSB ? Distance between the source detected in
the FB and SB determined by WAVDETECT
60 A1 --- f_DisSB [e] Flag on DisSB (2)
62 A1 --- l_SB Limit flag on SB
63- 67 F5.1 ct SB The soft (0.5-2 keV) band CTI-corrected
source counts
69 A1 --- f_SB [f] Flag on SB (2)
71- 74 F4.1 ct e_SB ? Error in SB counts
76- 80 F5.1 ks Time Exposure time (3)
82 A1 --- f_Time [gh] Flag on Time (2)
84 A1 --- l_BRatio Limit flag on BRatio
85- 88 F4.2 --- BRatio ? Band ratio hard/soft (4)
90- 93 F4.2 --- E_BRatio ? Upper limit on BRatio (5)
95- 98 F4.2 --- e_BRatio ? Lower limit on BRatio (5)
100-103 F4.2 --- Gamma ? The photon index (6)
105 A1 --- f_Gamma [S] Indicates a spectroscopically
confirmed star (7)
107 A1 --- l_FFB Limit flag on FFB
108-112 F5.2 10-15mW/m2 FFB Full band flux (in 10^-15^ergs/cm^2^/s)
114 A1 --- l_FHB Limit flag on FHB
115-119 F5.2 10-15mW/m2 FHB ? Hard band flux (in 10^-15^ergs/cm^2^/s)
121 A1 --- l_FSB Limit flag on FSB
122-126 F5.2 10-15mW/m2 FSB Soft band flux (in 10^-15^ergs/cm^2^/s)
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Note (1): The J2000 position given in the CXOHDFN name.
Note (2): Individual notes:
e = Both CXOHDFN J123615.9+621515 and CXOHDFN J123621.0+621411 have
>1.0'' positional offsets between the full-band and soft-band
detections. These are not considered to be independent detections due
to decreased positional certainty for the combination of low numbers
of counts (< 10) and large off-axis angles (> 5'). For the first, the
source is very hard even if the soft match is incorrect. For the
second, Gamma = 1.4 is assumed regardless of the soft match due to
the low number of counts. Both sources have faint (R > 24.5) optical
counterparts and no measured redshifts, so none of the conclusions
about their identities is compromised by a false cross-band match.
CXOHDFN J123702.8+621601 has a >1.0'' offset between full-band and
hard-band detections, but the hard-band source has only 6 counts and
the source spectrum is soft regardless of the hard-band match. This
source has a very faint optical counterpart (R {~} 25.4) and no
redshift, so its identity would not be compromised by a false
cross-band match.
f = WAVDETECT photometry failed, this value is from our manual photometry
(see section 3.3). According to WAVDETECT, the numbers of ``detected''
counts for CXOHDFN J123640.2+621655, CXOHDFN J123657.4+621026,
CXOHDFN J123703.5+621447 were 3.6, 1.9 and 3.5, respectively. For
CXOHDFN J123704.8+621601, WAVDETECT photometry gave 27.8 counts, but
our manual photometry found 61.4 counts.
g = Source located on or near a gap between the CCDs for at least one
observation.
h = Source located at the edge of the ACIS field during observation 957
(see Table 1).
Note (3): Source exposure times are effective exposure times taken from the
appropriate location in the full-band exposure map (see
section 3.2 for discussion).
Note (4): Defined as the ratio of counts between the hard and soft bands.
These band ratios have been corrected for the differential vignetting
in the hard and soft bands.
Note (5): Calculated following the "numerical method" described in section
1.7.3 of Lyons (1991, Data Analysis for Physical Science Students
(Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press)).
Note (6): Entries with values of 1.40 are assumed, since there are too few
counts to determine the band ratio and then to estimate Gamma.
Note (7): A kT=0.5keV thermal bremsstrahlung X-ray spectral model was assumed.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table6.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 2 I2 --- [HBG2001] CHANDRA source number
4- 18 A15 --- CXOHDFN The CXOHDFN name (1)
20 A1 --- f_CXOHDFN [fg] Flag on CXOHDFN (2)
22 A1 --- l_Rmag 2-{sigma} limit flag on Rmag
23- 26 F4.1 mag Rmag The R band magnitude (3)
28 A1 --- f_Rmag [i] Flag on Rmag (4)
30 A1 --- l_Imag 2-{sigma} limit flag on Imag
31- 34 F4.1 mag Imag The I band magnitude (3)
36- 40 F5.3 --- z ? Redshift
42 A1 --- f_z [NS] Indicates object is a Northern (N) or
Southern (S) object
44- 49 A6 --- r_z Reference for z (5)
51- 63 A13 --- ID Object identification (6)
65- 71 A7 --- r_ID Reference for ID (5)
73 A1 --- l_LogFB Limit flag on LogFB
74- 77 F4.1 [10-7W] LogFB ? Log of the full band X-ray luminosity
in ergs/s
79 A1 --- l_LogHB Limit flag on LogHB
80- 83 F4.1 [10-7W] LogHB ? Log of the hard band X-ray luminosity
in ergs/s
85 A1 --- f_LogHB [h] Flag on LogHB (2)
87 A1 --- l_LogSB Limit flag on LogSB
88- 91 F4.1 [10-7W] LogSB ? Log of the soft band X-ray luminosity
in ergs/s
93 A1 --- f_LogSB [h] Flag on LogHB (2)
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Note (1): The J2000 position given in the CXOHDFN name.
Note (2): Individual notes:
e = Luminosity is for the rest frame of the source.
f = For these objects, there was an optical counterpart lying within the
aperture close to the edge. We have measured the magnitudes with the
aperture centered on the position of this optical source (see
section 4.2 and Figure 6). CXOHDFN J123641.8+621132 is 1.4" from the
galaxy center but is consistent with an apparent off-center ultraviolet
bright spot (see Hornschemeier et al., 2000ApJ...541...49H). It is
possible that this spot may be a background AGN.
CXOHDFN J123648.0+620941 has two optical counterparts of comparable
brightness within the 3.0" aperture (see Figure 6). We have measured
the magnitudes of these two sources manually. See section A.2 for more
discussion of this source.
g = See Figure 9 for this object's spectrum.
h = High-redshift objects: For soft-band fluxes, the 0.5-2keV rest frame
has been redshifted out of our observed bandpass, so these luminosities
are extrapolations of the power law calculated from higher energy data.
For hard-band fluxes (2 cases), this object was not detected in the
observed 2-8keV band but since the observed 0.5-2keV band overlaps
well with the rest-frame 2-8keV band, we use the 0.5-2keV count rate
to calculate the hard luminosity for this source.
Note (3): Measured or calculated as described in section 4.2.
Note (4): CXOHDFN J123651.7+621221 lacks an optical counterpart in our deep
I-band imaging, but it does have a faint V=26.7 counterpart in the
HDF-N (see Hornschemeier et al., 2000ApJ...541...49H).
Note (5): Sources for redshifts and identifications:
H01 = the current paper
H00 = Hogg et al., 2000, Cat. <J/ApJS/127/1>, [HPA2000]
C00 = Cohen et al. (2000, Cat. <J/ApJ/538/29>, [CHB2000]
Liu = Liu et al. (1999AJ....118.1912L), [LPI99]
B99 = Barger et al. (1999AJ....117..102B), [BCT99]
FS = Fernandez-Soto et al. (1999, Cat. <J/ApJ/513/34>), [FLY99]
D = M. Dickinson 2000, private communication
R98 = Richards et al., 1998AJ....116.1039R, [RFK98]
Note (6): The classification system is described in section 5.3.2. Individual
objects are discussed in detail in section A.1 and A.2.
SB = Starburst
LL = Low-luminosity galaxy (see section 5.4)
HL = High-luminosity galaxy
NL = narrow-line AGN
BL = broad-line AGN
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table8.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 19 A19 --- VLA VLA object designation
20 A1 --- n_VLA [cde] Note on VLA (1)
22- 24 F3.1 arcsec Offset Offset between the radio and Chandra
source positions
26- 30 F5.1 uJy S1.4GHz Flux at 1.4GHz
32 A1 --- l_Sp+Index Limit flag on Sp+Index
33- 37 F5.2 --- Sp+Index ? Radio spectral index (2)
39- 41 F3.1 arcsec theta ? Radio spatial extent (2)
43- 47 F5.3 --- z ? Redshift
49 A1 --- l_BRatio Limit flag on BRatio
50- 53 F4.2 --- BRatio ? Band ratio hard/soft X-ray
55- 57 A3 --- Class R00 classification (3)
59- 62 F4.1 [10-7W] logL0.5-8 ? log of the full 0.5-8keV luminosity
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Note (1): Individual notes:
c: See footnote e in Table 4 and footnote f in Table 6 about this
object (CXOHDFN J123615.9+621515).
d: This source was detected in neither the full nor the hard band
e: This source was not detected independently in either the soft
or hard bands
Note (2): Radio spectral index and spatial extent determined by Richards,
2000, Cat. <J/ApJ/533/611>
Note (3): Richards (2000ApJ...533..611R) classification:
AGN for AGN
S for starburst-type
U for unknown
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table9.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 16 A16 --- ISOCAM ISOCAM Object designation
17 A1 --- n_ISOCAM [b] Note in ISOCAM (1)
19- 21 F3.1 arcsec Offset Offset between the infrared and Chandra
source positions
23- 27 F5.3 --- z ? Redshift
28 A1 --- n_z [c] Note on z (1)
30 A1 --- l_F7um Limit flag on F7um
31- 33 I3 uJy F7um ? Flux at 7{mu}m
35- 36 I2 uJy E_F7um ? Error on F7um (upper limit)
38- 39 I2 uJy e_F7um ? Error on F7um (lower limit)
41 A1 --- l_F15um Limit flag on F15um
42- 44 I3 uJy F15um Flux at 15{mu}m
46- 47 I2 uJy E_F15um ? Error on F15um (upper limit)
49- 50 I2 uJy e_F15um ? Error on F15um (lower limit)
52 A1 -- l_BRatio Limit flag on BRatio
53- 56 F4.2 --- BRatio ? Band ratio hard/soft X-ray
58- 61 F4.1 [10-7W] logL0.5-8 ? log of the full 0.5-8keV lumonosity
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Note (1): Individual notes:
b: This source was only detected in the soft band. This luminosity is
in the soft band
c: This redshift is photometric (M. Dickinson 2000, priv. com.)
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table10.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 16 A16 --- [HPA2000] Hogg et al., (2000, Cat. <J/ApJS/127/1>)
source designation
18- 21 F4.2 mag R-Ks {R}-K_s_ colour index (1)
23- 27 F5.2 mag Ks Ks magnitude
29 A1 --- l_BRatio Limit flag on BRatio
30- 33 F4.2 --- BRatio Band ratio hard/soft X-ray
35- 39 F5.3 --- z ? Redshift (2)
41- 44 F4.1 [10-7W] logL2-8 ? Log of the full 2-8keV luminosity
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Note (1): {R}=0.46F606W+0.54F814W-0.02mag, see Hogg et al., Cat. <J/ApJS/127/1>.
Note (2): Redshifts from Cohen et al. (2000, Cat. <J/ApJ/538/29>; these were
determined on the basis of a single emission line assumed to be
[OII] {lambda}3727.
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
References:
Hornschemeier et al., Paper I, 2000ApJ...541...49H, CXOHDFN JHHMMSS.s+DDMMSS
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(End) Greg Schwarz [AAS], Patricia Bauer [CDS] 28-Sep-2001